- UPMASK: unsupervised photometric membership assignment in stellar clusters
- Krone-Martins, A.; Moitinho, A.
Aims: We develop a method for membership assignment in stellar clusters using only photometry and positions. The method is aimed to be unsupervised, data driven, model free, and to rely on as few assumptions as possible. Methods: The approach foll …
- Compressed convolution
- Elsner, Franz; Wandelt, Benjamin D.
We introduce the concept of compressed convolution, a technique to convolve a given data set with a large number of non-orthogonal kernels. In typical applications our technique drastically reduces the effective number of computations. The new metho …
- Possible structure in the GRB sky distribution at redshift two
- Horváth, István; Hakkila, Jon; Bagoly, Zsolt
Context. Research over the past three decades has revolutionized cosmology while supporting the standard cosmological model. However, the cosmological principle of Universal homogeneity and isotropy has always been in question, since structures as l …
- On Signals Faint and Sparse: The ACICA Algorithm for Blind De-trending of Exoplanetary Transits with Low Signal-to-noise
- Waldmann, I. P.
Independent component analysis (ICA) has recently been shown to be a promising new path in data analysis and de-trending of exoplanetary time series signals. Such approaches do not require or assume any prior or auxiliary knowledge about the data or …
- Two Micron All Sky Survey Photometric Redshift Catalog: A Comprehensive Three-dimensional Census of the Whole Sky
- Bilicki, Maciej; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Peacock, John A.; Cluver, Michelle E.; Steward, Louise
Key cosmological applications require the three-dimensional (3D) galaxy distribution on the entire celestial sphere. These include measuring the gravitational pull on the Local Group, estimating the large-scale bulk flow, and testing the Copernican …
- Weighted statistical parameters for irregularly sampled time series
- Rimoldini, Lorenzo
Unevenly spaced time series are common in astronomy because of the day-night cycle, weather conditions, dependence on the source position in the sky, allocated telescope time and corrupt measurements, for example, or inherent to the scanning law of …
- An estimation of local bulk flow with the maximum-likelihood method
- Ma, Yin-Zhe; Pan, Jun
A maximum-likelihood method, tested as an unbiased estimator from numerical simulations, is used to estimate cosmic bulk flow from peculiar velocity surveys. The likelihood function is applied to four observational catalogues (ENEAR, SFI++, A1SN and …
- An analytic method to compute star cluster luminosity statistics
- da Silva, Robert L.; Krumholz, Mark R.; Fumagalli, Michele; Fall, S. Michael
The luminosity distribution of the brightest star clusters in a population of galaxies encodes critical pieces of information about how clusters form, evolve and disperse, and whether and how these processes depend on the large-scale galactic enviro …
- 3D Galactic dust extinction mapping with multiband photometry
- Hanson, R. J.; Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.
We present a method to simultaneously infer the interstellar extinction parameters A0 and R0, stellar effective temperature Teff and distance modulus μ in a Bayesian framework. Using multiband photometry from Sloan Digital Sky Survey and UKIRT Infr …
- Detecting filamentary pattern in the cosmic web: a catalogue of filaments for the SDSS
- Tempel, E.; Stoica, R. S.; Martínez, V. J.; Liivamägi, L. J.; Castellan, G.; Saar, E.
The main feature of the spatial large-scale galaxy distribution is its intricate network of galaxy filaments. This network is spanned by the galaxy locations that can be interpreted as a three-dimensional point distribution. The global properties of …
- Spectral Classification Using Restricted Boltzmann Machine
- Fuqiang, Chen; Yan, Wu; Yude, Bu; Guodong, Zhao
In this study, a novel machine learning algorithm, restricted Boltzmann machine, is introduced. The algorithm is applied for the spectral classification in astronomy. Restricted Boltzmann machine is a bipartite generative graphical model with two se …
- Model selection for the rate problem: A comparison of significance testing, Bayesian, and minimum description length statistical inference
- Michael D. Lee, Kenneth J. Pope
One particularly useful but under-explored area for applying model selection in psychology is in basic data analysis. Many problems of deciding whether data have ‘‘significant differences’’ can profitably be viewed as model selection problem …
- Probabilistic image reconstruction for radio interferometers
- Sutter, P. M.; Wandelt, Benjamin D.; McEwen, Jason D.; Bunn, Emory F.; Karakci, Ata; Korotkov, Andrei; Timbie, Peter; Tucker, Gregory S.; Zhang, Le
We present a novel, general-purpose method for deconvolving and denoizing images from gridded radio interferometric visibilities using Bayesian inference based on a Gaussian process model. The method automatically takes into account incomplete cover …
- Comparison of cosmological parameter inference methods applied to supernovae light curves fitted with SALT-II
- March, M. C.; Karpenka, N. V.; Feroz, F.; Hobson, M. P.
We present a comparison of two methods for cosmological parameter inference from Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) light curves fitted with the SALT-II technique, in which we treat the statistical errors but not the systematic errors. The standard χ2 meth …
- Extensive search for systematic bias in supernova Ia data
- Heneka, Caroline; Marra, Valerio; Amendola, Luca
The use of advanced statistical analysis tools is crucial in order to improve cosmological parameter estimates via removal of systematic errors and identification of previously unaccounted for cosmological signals. Here, we demonstrate the applicati …
- Comparison of sampling techniques for Bayesian parameter estimation
- Allison, Rupert; Dunkley, Joanna
The posterior probability distribution for a set of model parameters encodes all that the data have to tell us in the context of a given model; it is the fundamental quantity for Bayesian parameter estimation. In order to infer the posterior probabi …
- Shedding light on the matter of Abell 781
- Wittman, D.; Dawson, William; Benson, Bryant
The galaxy cluster Abell 781 West has been viewed as a challenge to weak gravitational lensing mass calibration, as Cook & dell’Antonio found that the weak lensing signal-to-noise ratio in three independent sets of observations was consistently lowe …
- A Macroscopic Description of a Generalized Self-organized Criticality System: Astrophysical Applications
- Aschwanden, Markus J.
We suggest a generalized definition of self-organized criticality (SOC) systems: SOC is a critical state of a nonlinear energy dissipation system that is slowly and continuously driven toward a critical value of a system-wide instability threshold, …
- Search for Gamma-ray-emitting Active Galactic Nuclei in the Fermi-LAT Unassociated Sample Using Machine Learning
- Doert, M.; Errando, M.
The second Fermi-LAT source catalog (2FGL) is the deepest all-sky survey available in the gamma-ray band. It contains 1873 sources, of which 576 remain unassociated. Machine-learning algorithms can be trained on the gamma-ray properties of known act …
- Probing Topological Relations between High-density and Low-density Regions of 2MASS with Hexagon Cells
- Wu, Yongfeng; Xiao, Weike
We introduced a new two-dimensional (2D) hexagon technique for probing the topological structure of the universe in which we mapped regions of the sky with high and low galaxy densities onto a 2D lattice of hexagonal unit cells. We defined filled ce …